AIX learner's blog: March 2012

Saturday, March 31, 2012

System Administrator quote for the day

"A computer lets you make more mistakes faster than any invention in human history - with the possible exceptions of handguns and tequila. ~Mitch Ratcliffe "

disk attribute - reserve_policy

There were 900 disks in that server which was running on 53-09-04 . I wanted to change the disk attribute of all disks from reserve_policy reserve to reserve_policy no_reserve . I have written below for loop to check and there was another for loop to change it too !

for i in `lspv|grep -v root|awk '{print $1}'`
do
echo $i >>/tmp/123
lsattr -El $i|grep reserve_policy|awk '{print $2}' >>/tmp/123
done

This for loop will check all disks and apend the /tmp/123 file with result.

Thanks,
Dipak Warade,
www.unix4you.com

SAS issue (Or sendmail) ?

I was working on a change request of installation of SDDPCM drivers (if you want to see how I did it please click SDDPCM label it’s in the right side).

The server which I have rebooted after installation of SDDPCM driver hosting the SAS application.

Server rebooted cleanly there were no error in errpt and everything was looking ok.

I ask application team to go for live proving after 5 min I got call saying they are getting below error and they don’t know the issue.

ERROR: Unable to connect to SMTP server.

   ERROR: connect call failed, system error is '10061 - WSAECONNREFUSED'

I tried digging and found that this problem occurs when the

Email SMTP host is inaccessible.

It means it was related to SMTP lol my sendmail was inoperative ;)

I stated this and done they were happy and me toooooooo !

just do following,

# lssrc -s sendmail
Subsystem         Group            PID          Status
 sendmail         mail             925744       inoperative

 # startsrc -s sendmail

0513-059 The sendmail Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 925744.

#lsrsrc -s sendmail

 Subsystem         Group            PID          Status
 sendmail         mail             925744       active

thats it .

                                                                     -- Dipak Warade

                                                                        www.unix4you.com

What are common reasons for failures with Dynamic Logical partitioning ?

I was facing some issues related to dlpar and tried digging , below is the result :)
Maximum time cause will be the broken RMC connection between HMC and LPARs.

a) Login to HMC cli.

b) lspartition -dlpar

if you can't see any o/p then there is an RMC problem.

c) close all Serviceable Events and reboot the HMC.

d) hmcshutdown -r -t now

After HMC reboot wait go for a coffee :)

e) lspartition -dlpar

if still no o/p then log a call with IBM.

                        Assume DLPAR is working for other LPARs on this HMC :

                        a) login to the LPAR

                        b) su - root

                        c) lssrc -a |grep rsct

                        [root]# lssrc -a|grep rsct
                        ctrmc            rsct             291002       active
                        IBM.ServiceRM    rsct_rm          422096       active
                        IBM.CSMAgentRM   rsct_rm          327864       active
                        IBM.DRM          rsct_rm          286890       active
                        IBM.SensorRM     rsct_rm          426212       active
                        IBM.ConfigRM     rsct_rm          323612       active
                        ctcas            rsct                          inoperative
                        IBM.AuditRM      rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.LPRM         rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.ERRM         rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.HostRM       rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.MgmtDomainRM rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.FSRM         rsct_rm                       inoperative
                        IBM.WLMRM        rsct_rm                       inoperative

                        IBM.DRM is the most important daemon for DLPAR !


                        You can try stop and starting RMC as below ,

                        d) /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/rmcctrl -Z

                        e) /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/rmcctrl -A

                        f) /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/rmcctrl -P

                        now try with below command again if you luckly.

                        g) lssrc -a|grep rsct

                        check for IBM.DRM if yes then this is resolved !

                        go to HMC cli again

                        h) lspartition -dlpar

                        if you can see the O/P then it's resolved

You may like to see my articles in your mail box please click on below link



                                Hope this will help you guys !
                                                - Dipak Warade
www.unix4you.com

Thursday, March 29, 2012

System Administrator quote for the day

"User, n. The word computer professionals use when they mean "idiot." ~Dave Barry"

System Administrator quote for the day

"The problem with troubleshooting is that trouble shoots back. ~Author Unknown"

What I am doing ?

Hi Guys,

Thanks for your response and visit to my website ; Please do write comments they encourage me and help me to write more and more .

I am starting a series of articles and i will discuss all the things I am learning and doing :) I know it will be great fun !

those topics will includes VIO , HACMP , HMC , SCRIPTING perl/shell, tricks of Unix and much more so be tuned and enjoy learning and working.

Please let me know if you want some changes or any specific topic here if don't know i will ask some one to write it as there are many techniiiiiieeee guys here.

Yes,

I always welcome questions and promise to write their answers OR find out if don't know.

Thanks,
Dipak Warade

How to list all SEA on VIO ?

$ lsdev -virtual -type adapter|grep Shared

ent7            Available Shared Ethernet Adapter
ent8            Available Shared Ethernet Adapter
ent9            Available Shared Ethernet Adapter

Wednesday, March 28, 2012

Some useful commands and interview questions with answer :)

How to create pvid on the hdisk6?
    unix4you# chdev –l hdisk6 –a pv=yes
2.    How to clear pvid on the hdisk6?
    unix4you# chdev –l hdisk6 –a pv=clear
3.    How to see summary of the hdisk2 as well as the pvid?
    unix4you# lspv hdisk2
4.    How to see Pp distribution on the hdisk2?
    unix4you# lspv –p hdisk2
5.    How to create Vg ?
    unix4you# mkvg –y datavg –s 64 hdisk2 hdisk3
6.    How to list logical volume in vg?
    unix4you# lsvg –l rootvg
7.    Detail information of datavg
    unix4you# lvg datavg
8.    How to list vg to know disk and distribution?
    unix4you# lsvg –p datavg
9.    How to extend datavg ? Or how to add disk into datavg?
    unix4you# extendvg datavg hdisk2
10.    How to remove disk from vg ?
    unix4you# reducevg datavg hdisk2
11.    How to migrate data from hdisk4 to hdisk2 and hdisk 1
    unix4you# migratepv hdisk4 hdisk2 hdisk1
12.    How to close volume group?
    unix4you# varyoffvg datavg
13.    How to open the volume group?
    unix4you# varryonvg datavg
14.    How to create the logical volume?
    unix4you# mklv –y lv05 –c 2 datavg 20
15.    How to remove logical volume ?
    unix4you# rmlv lv06
16.    How to extend logical volume ?
    unix4you# extendlv lv06 20

17.    How to create file system ?
    unix4you# crfs –v jfs/jfs2 –g [vg_name –a size=] Or –d lv_name – m mount_point
    unix4you# mkfs –v jfs/jfs2 /dev/vl06
18.    How to change the file system size?
    unix4you# chfs –a size=+64M /data
    unix4you# chfs –a size=-64M /data
19.    How to list all file system?
    unix4you# lsfs
20.    How to list all jfs file system?
    unix4you# lsfs –v jfs
21.    How to cop to a new LV called "NeWLogicalVolume"
    unix4you# cplv -v VolumeGroup -y NewLogicalVolume SourceLogicalVolume
22.    How to copy lv to existing lv ?
    unix4you# cplv -e DestinationLogicalVolume SourceLogicalVolume
23.    How to close the physical volume ?
    unix4you# chpv –v r hdisk2
24.    How to open the physical volume?
    unix4you# chpv –v a hdisk2
25.    How to clear boot record on the physical volume?
    unix4you# chpv –c hdisk2
26.    How to disable the quorum ?
    unix4you# chvg –Qn datavg
27.    How to enable the quorum?
    unix4you# chvg –Qy datavg

VIO UPGRADE

Step 1. Increase "/" by 256 MB on vio server.

Step 2. Activate the VIOS logical partition using the HMC
Follow these steps:
1. Insert the VIOS migration DVD into the DVD drive assigned to the VIOS logical partition.
2. In the HMC navigation area, expand Systems Management Servers .
3. Select the VIOS logical partition server.
4. In the contents area, select the VIOS logical partition.
5. Shut down the VIOS as follows:
1. Select Tasks >Operations >Shutdown .
2. On the Shutdown menu, select delayed , and then select OK .
6. Select Tasks >Operations >Activate .
The Activate Partition menu opens with a selection of logical partition profiles. Ensure that the correct profile is highlighted.
7. Select Open a terminal window or console session to open a virtual terminal (vterm) window.
8. Select (Advanced) to open the advanced options menu.
9. Select SMS for the boot mode.
10. Click OK to close the advanced options menu.
11. Click OK . A virtual terminal window opens for the logical partition.
Step 3. Select a boot device
Follow these steps:
1. Select Select Boot Options and press Enter.
2. Select Select Install/Boot Device and press Enter.
3. Select CD/DVD and press Enter à IDEà
4. Select the device number that corresponds to the DVD and press Enter.
5. Select Normal mode boot .
6. Select Yes to exit SMS.
Step 4. Install the VIOS
Follow these steps:
1. Select a console and press Enter.
2. Select a language for the BOS menus and press Enter.
3. Select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install .
If the title displayed is not VIOS Migration Installation and Settings , then replace the DVD that is in the drive with the correct DVD before continuing to the next step.
4. Select Install with the setting listed above .
5. Select Continue with Install .
6. Select Continue with migration
Step 5. Post-migration tasks
Follow these steps:
1. Verify that the migration was successful by doing the following
1. Check the results of the lssw command.
2. Run the ioslevel command. The results should indicate that the ioslevel is $ ioslevel 2.1.0.0.
2. Restart the daemons and agents that were previously running by doing the following:
1. Log on to the VIOS as a padmin user.
2. Enter the following command:
$ motd -overwrite "hostname"
3. Run the cfgsvc command to reconfigure the ITM TSM and ITUAM agents by using the configuration data that you saved, and then run the startsvc command to start the ITM agent.
4. Run the lssvc command to check the configuration for the TPC agent, and then verify that the agent is running. If the agent is not running, run the cfgsvc command to configure the agent, and the run the startsvc command to start the agent.
Install the patch.
After upgrade from cd, login screen will come
1. Commit previous updates, by running the updateios command
$ updateios -commit
2. Apply the update by running the updateios command
$ updateios -accept -install -dev <directory_name>
3. Verify that update was successful by checking results of the updateios command and running the ioslevel command. It should indicate the ioslevel is now 2.1.3.10-FP-23
$ ioslevel
4. To load all changes, reboot the VIOS as User padmin
$ shutdown -restart
5.

Home page message!

He asked me one question – if I share an apple where is apple?

And I replied what? Sorry…?

He said “simple question - if I share an apple where is apple?”

He continued “if I share an idea; you have one and I too have one but if you share one with me I have two and you too have two”

This is what the vision I have in my mind about this site, so welcome to share ideas and to learn some. Come here to get something and to give something J

I know some people they say “I know everything “and they never share it – they are doing the same thing till the time what they were doing before years.

I have seen people they said “I know it and you should know it” – they are on track and getting more and more good stuff to do.

I learned something from someone and I want to say thanks to them to giving it to next one

-- Dipak Warade

Tuesday, March 27, 2012

Data migration hitachi to ibm svc, LVM interview questions by Dipak

We have some limitations and have to replace all HITACHI storage to IBM svc storage!

I am not sure how I am going to do it it’s a big task near about 40 TB data migration from UNIX point of view.
Still there is no proper plan in place I don’t have any one here with me to deal with this and time lines are really tight.

There are many dependencies from AIX LVM too I should need to and read everything about storage management.

Now I have reviewed it and finally come up with a direction.

Disks are not coming from VIO (for my current projects other wise they are from vio only )
My AIX client is running on 53-09-04 and it’s recommended to upgrade it to TL 11 (as it’s not necessary I am skipping it )
There are ssd drivers installed on my AIX clients Where are SVC needs sddpcm drivers.
Will have to install them first – which needs downtime.
Downtime approx 6 hrs.
After installation of sddpcm I will have to start migration activity.
I have around 900 disks and have to migrate to svc.
There are 5 vgs and 3 are scalable and other 2 are big I may have to convert them to scalable.
And lots of things.
I will post here how I am handling this.
I would not be able to post any specific information every thing will be general; All server name/ Ip’s will be replace by dummy values.
I was having a file systems list around 300 and I wanted to know all details as below,

Filesystem_name <space> LV_name<space>VG_name

So I can start further planning.

I have written a small for loop to do this file /tmp/d will contain list of filesystems.

for i in `cat /tmp/d`

do

w=`df -g $i|awk '{print $1}'|tail -1|sed 's/\/dev\///g'`

vg=`lslv $w|head -1|awk '{print $6}'`

echo "$i $w $vg"

sleep 3

done

to be cont..

Please let me know if it’s adding some thing to your knowledge by commenting on this post

Thanks

Dipak Warade

Monday, March 26, 2012

AIX: Commands
cfgmgr Configures devices by running the programs in /etc/methods directory.
chcons Redirects the system console to device or file, effective next startup
chdev -l <device> -a<params> Changes a device's characteristics.
chdisp Changes the display used by the low-function terminal (LFT subsystem.
chfont Changes the default font selected at boot time.
chfs -a size=+<blocks> /<FS> Changes attributes of a file system. This one will increase the Filesystem .
chgroup Users=x,y,z <grp name> Changes attributes for groups.
chlv -n <nlvname> <olvname> Rename logical volume from olvname to nlvname
chps -s<no. pps> <ps name> Changes attributes of a paging space.
chpv Changes the characteristics of a physical volume in a volume group.
chque -q<q name> -a'host = x' Changes the queue name.
chssys Changes a subsystem definition in the subsystem object class.
chtcb Changes or queries the trusted computing base attribute of a file.
chtz. Changes the system time zone information
chuser rlogin=true <username> Changes attributes for the specified user.
chvfs Changes entries in the /etc/vfs file.
chvg Sets the characteristics of a volume group.
crfs -v <fstype> (jfs)
-d <lvname>
-m <mount point>
-Ayes
Create a Filesystem on a pre-defined logical volume( which will automount at boot!)
crfs -v <fstype> (jfs)
-g <vgname>
-a size='<no of blocks>'
-m <mount point>
-Ayes
Create a Filesystem and its logical volume (uses default lvname)
crvfs Creates entries in the /etc/vfs file.
exportvg None Export a volume group
grpck -n ALL Verifies the correctness of a group definition.
hvirprt Changes the attribute values of a virtual printer.
importvg -y <vgname>
<hdisk x>
Import a Volume Group onto hdisk x
lpstat List print queues
lsallq Lists the names of all configured queues.
lsallqdev Lists all configured printer and plotter queue device names within a specified queue.
lsattr -El <devname> List detailed configuration for a device
lscfg List all configured devices
-v List in detail
-l scsi* List all scsi IO devices
lsdev -Cc tape List configured tape devices
-Cc disk List configured disks on devices
-C -s scsi -H List all defined scsi devices
lsdisp Lists the displays currently available on the system.
lsfont Lists the fonts available for use by the display.
lsfs -l List all filesystems in /etc/filesystems quering the LVM descriptor area and superblocks
lsfs Displays the characteristics of file systems.
lsgroup ALL Displays the attributes of groups.(checks NIS aswell!)
lsitab -a Lists the records in the /etc/inittab file.
lskbd Lists the keyboard maps currently available to the low-function terminal (LFT subsystem.
lslicense Displays the number of fixed licenses and the status of floating licensing.
lslpp -l List all installed software
lslv <lvname> List configuration details of a given Logical Volume
-l <lvname> List further configuration details of a given disk
lsprtsv -ch Shows print service information stored in the database.
lsps -a List pagaing space
lspv None List configured disks
<hdisk> List configuration details of a given disk
-l <hdisk> List Logical Volumes/Filesystems on a given disk
lsque Displays the queue stanza name.
lsquedev Displays the device stanza name.
lssrc -a List all subsystems
lsuser Displays attributes of user accounts.
lsvfs Lists entries in the /etc/vfs file.
lsvg None List configured Volume groups
<vgname> List configuration details of a given Volume group
-l <vgname> List Logical Volumes/Filesystems on a given Volume Group
mkcatdefs Preprocesses a message source file.
mkdev Adds a device to the system.
mkfont Adds the font code associated with a display to the system.
mkfontdir Creates a fonts.dir file from a directory of font files.
mkgroup Creates a new group.
mkitab Makes records in the /etc/inittab file.
mklv -y <lvname>
<vgname>
<no of pps>
Create a Logical Volume
mklv Creates a logical volume.
mklvcopy Adds copies to a logical volume.
mknamsv Configures TCP/IP-based name service on a host for a client.
mknotify Adds a notify method definition to the notify object class.
mkprtsv Configures TCP/IP-based print service on a host.
mkps Add an additional paging space to the system.
mkque Adds a printer queue to the system.
mkquedev Adds a printer queue device to the system.
mkserver Adds a subserver definition to the subserver object class.
mkssys Adds a subsystem definition to the subsystem object class.
mksysb. Backs up mounted file systems in the rootvg volume group for subsequent reinstallation
mkszfile. Records size of mounted file systems in the rootvg volume group for reinstallation
mktcpip Sets the required values for starting TCP/IP on a host.
mkuser Creates a new user account.
mkuser.sys Customizes a new user account.
Mkvg -y <vgname>
-s <ppsize>
<hdisk x>
Create a Volume Group on hdisk x
mkvg Creates a volume group.
mkvirprt Makes a virtual printer.
odmadd Adds objects to created object classes.
odmchange Changes the contents of a selected object in the specified object class.
odmcreate Produces the .c (source and .h (include files necessary for ODM application development and creates empty objectclasses.
odmdelete Deletes selected objects from a specified object class.
odmdrop Removes an object class.
odmget Retrieves objects from the specified object classes and places them into an odmadd input file.
odmshow Displays an object class definition on the screen.
pwdck Verifies the correctness of local authentication information.
redefinevg Redefines the set of physical volumes of the given volume group in the device configuration database.
reducevg Removes physical volumes from a volume group. When all physical volumes are removed from the volume group, the volume group is deleted.
reorgvg Reorganizes the physical partition allocation for a volume group.
restbase Restores customized information from the boot image.
rmdel Removes a delta from a Source Code Control System (SCCS file.
rmdev Removes a device from the system.
rmf Removes folders and the messages they contain.
rmfs Removes a file system.
rmgroup Removes a group.
rmitab Removes records in the /etc/inittab file.
rmlv Removes logical volumes from a volume group.
rmlvcopy Removes copies from a logical volume.
rmm Removes messages.
rmnamsv Unconfigures TCP/IP-based name service on a host.
rmnotify Removes a notify method definition from the notify object class.
rmprtsv Unconfigures a print service on a client or server machine.
rmps Removes a paging space from the system.
rmque Removes a printer queue from the system.
rmquedev Removes a printer or plotter queue device from the system.
rmserver Removes a subserver definition from the subserver object class.
rmssys Removes a subsystem definition from the subsystem object class.
rmuser Removes a user account.
rmvfs Removes entries in the /etc/vfs file.
rmvirprt Removes a virtual printer.
runcat Pipes the output data from the mkcatdefs command to the gencat command.
savebase Saves base customized device data in the ODM onto the boot device.
startsrc -s <subsystem> Start a subsystem
stopsrc -s <subsystem> Stop a subsystem
syncvg Synchronizes logical volume copies that are not current.
usrck Verifies the correctness of a user definition.
varyoffvg <vgname> Takes a Volume Group offline
varyoffvg Deactivates a volume group.
varyonvg <vgname> Puts a Volume Group online
varyonvg Activates a volume group.

AIX learner's blog

Saturday, March 31, 2012

System Administrator quote for the day

disk attribute - reserve_policy

SAS issue (Or sendmail) ?

What are common reasons for failures with Dynamic Logical partitioning ?

Thursday, March 29, 2012

System Administrator quote for the day

System Administrator quote for the day

What I am doing ?

How to list all SEA on VIO ?

Wednesday, March 28, 2012

Some useful commands and interview questions with answer :)

VIO UPGRADE

Home page message!

Tuesday, March 27, 2012

Data migration hitachi to ibm svc, LVM interview questions by Dipak

Monday, March 26, 2012

Sunday, March 25, 2012

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